PREFACE
“Well, I think you should not specialize in Marketing. You don’t have the skills required to be a good marketing man.” To be successful in marketing you should be an extrovert...You should be flamboyant...You should be the partying type. But you are an INTROVERT, you underplay your personality and you hate partying.
Advice of My Roommate (Bannerghatta Campus, Sept’84)
Apple has lost a visionary and an inspiring leader. The whole world is discussing how Steve Jobs turned around a once loss making company to become the world’s most valuable company. In August’2011, Apple Surpassed Oil Group Exxon to become the world’s most valuable company by Market Capitalisation. [1]
Apple has become a case study in B-Schools and people are trying to find out the Reasons for Apple’s huge success. However, many people don’t know that one of the reasons behind Apple’s success is its Supply Chain and this is my motivation for writing this article.
Trading has been traditionally carried out in the stock exchanges, where traders negotiate on the bid-ask prices and make profit on the difference in spread or by using price differences of the same security in different exchanges (arbitrage). With a large number of investors active in the financial markets, the spreads began narrowing and the speed of execution of trades had to become faster to take advantage of price differences lasting for a relatively small period.
Read more: Algorithmic, High Frequency and Flash Trading - Are They Anti-Competitive?
The price or income elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of demand to a change in price or income respectively. These elasticities are calculated keeping the effects of other variables constant (ceteris paribus) or we can say that both these elasticities are calculated separately. But in real world examples, we see that a change in demand is response to not only a change in price but also to a change in several other factors such as income, price of substitutes, change in fashion, taste etc.
Read more: Net Elasticity of Demand: A Thought Beyond ceteris paribus
Downsizing can be defined as a deliberate reduction in size or complexity of a firm’s activities intended to improve the profitability, productivity, and/or competitiveness of the firm’s continuing operations. After more than two decades of research into corporate downsizing, there remains a fundamental question: “How can managers and employees rethink their organizations even as they confront the need to downsize?” More specifically, how can organizations support learning, innovation and creativity while at the same time finding effective ways to improve costs, quality and productivity?
Read more: Building Commitment Towards Organizations in the Age of Downsizing
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